Amblyopia is a term that describes when there is nothing structurally wrong with the visual pathway, but an eye is unable to achieve 20/20 vision. It is one of the conditions commonly referred to as a “lazy eye.” There are three main causes of amblyopia- large refractive error, particularly a mismatch in the amount of refractive error between an individual’s two eyes, a problem with eye alignment such as exotropia or esotropia (outward or inward turning of an eye, respectively), or an obstruction of the light pathway due to physical factors such as cataracts, ptosis, or corneal opacities. It occurs because the brain starts to suppress information received from the “bad” eye and favors information received from the “good” eye. This suppression of information causes the brain to ineffectively process information received from the “bad” eye once it is available. Symptoms of amblyopia include poor depth perception, decreased vision particularly when the “good” eye is covered, and squinting. Early detection is extremely important for effective treatment of amblyopia, as the visual pathway is still developing early on and thus more easily trained to correctly process the visual input from the “bad” eye. Treatment for amblyopia includes providing adequate refractive correction (glasses or contacts) to both eyes, patching the “good” eye to force the “bad” eye to work, and vision therapy. Although amblyopia is more easily treated at a young age, vision therapy has been shown to improve vision in individuals with amblyopia later in life as well.